There are a range of Australian and international standards which have relevance to the use of natural stone in buildings. These standards are listed below.
In 2011 ASAA published the ASAA Natural Stone Design Manual. Based on the Marble Institute of America’s Dimension Stone Design Manual, the ASAA edition updated the contents to suit Australian requirements. The manual also includes a list of Australian quarries, prime suppliers of stone and related allied products.
In 2008 ASAA funded the development of a Hard Surfaces Ecolabel by Good Environmental Choice Australia (GECA). Please visit the GECA site to view the 24 page Hard Surfaces standard and other standards produced by GECA. For more information visit Good Environmental Choice Australia.
ASAA is providing partial funding for the provision of the following new standards:
- AS/NZS 4586:2007 Slip resistance classification of new pedestrian surface materials
- AS/NZS 4663:2007 Slip resistance measurement of existing pedestrian surfaces
- AS 3958 Part 3 *The Adhesive Fixing of Natural & Reconstituted Stone
- AS 3958 Part 4 *The Mechanical Fixing of Large Stone & Ceramic Tiles
*Descriptive Working Titles
Australian Standards http://www.standards.com.au
ASAA has representation on Standards Australia technical committees BD-044 Fixing of Ceramic, Natural and Reconstituted Stone Tiles; BD-094 Slip Resistance of Flooring Surfaces; and BD-026 Masonry Units, Pavers, Flags and Segmental Retaining Wall Units.
AS/NZS 3661.2:1994
Slip resistance of pedestrian surfaces – Guide to the reduction of
slip hazards
AS/NZS 4586:2004
Slip resistance classification of new pedestrian surface materials
AS/NZS 4663:2004
Slip resistance measurement of existing pedestrian surfaces
AS 4992.1-2006
Ceramic tiles – Grouts and adhesives – Terms, definitions and specifications for adhesives
AS 4992.2-2006
Ceramic tiles – Grouts and adhesives – Test methods for adhesives
AS 4992.3-2004
Ceramic tiles: Products for installation – Grouts: Definitions and specifications
AS 4992.4-2004
Ceramic tiles: Products for installation – Grouts: Test methods
HB 197:1999
An introductory guide to the slip resistance of pedestrian surface materials
AS 3958.1-2007
Ceramic tiles – Guide to the installation of ceramic tiles
AS 3958.2-1992
Ceramic tiles – Guide to the selection of a ceramic tiling system
AS/NZS 4455:2003
Masonry units and segmental pavers
AS/NZS 4456:2003
Masonry units and segmental pavers – Methods of test
AS 3700-2001
Masonry structures
AS 4204-1994
Headstones and cemetery monuments
AS 4517.1-2006
Blanks for superabrasive cutting-off wheels – Manually guided cutting-off in building and civil engineering
AS 4517.1-2006
Blanks for superabrasive cutting-off wheels – Hand-held cutting-off in building and civil engineering
ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) http://www.astm.org
ASAA members James Mann and David West are members of ASTM Committee C18 on Dimension Stone.
Test Methods
C97/C97M-09
Standard Test Methods for Absorption and Bulk Specific Gravity of Dimension Stone
C99/C99M-09
Standard Test Method for Modulus of Rupture of Dimension Stone
C120/C120M-12
Standard Test Methods of Flexure Testing of Slate (Breaking Load, Modulus of Rupture, Modulus of Elasticity)
C121/C121M-09
Standard Test Method for Water Absorption of Slate
C170/C170M-09
Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Dimension Stone
C217/C217M-09
Standard Test Method for Weather Resistance of Slate
C241/C241M-13
Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Stone Subjected to Foot Traffic
C880/C880M-09
Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Dimension Stone
C1201/C1201M-09
Standard Test Method for Structural Performance of Exterior Dimension Stone Cladding Systems by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference
C1352/C1352M-09
Standard Test Method for Flexural Modulus of Elasticity of Dimension Stone
C1353-09
Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Dimension Stone Subjected to Foot Traffic Using a Rotary Platform, Double-Head Abraser
C1354/C1354M-09
Standard Test Method for Strength of Individual Stone Anchorages in Dimension Stone Material Specifications
C1721-09
Standard Guide for Petrographic Examination of Dimension Stone
Specifications
C406/C406M-10
Standard Specification for Roofing Slate
C503/C503M-10
Standard Specification for Marble Dimension Stone
C568/C568-10
Standard Specification for Limestone Dimension Stone
C615/C615M-11
Standard Specification for Granite Dimension Stone
C616/C616M-10
Standard Specification for Quartz-Based Dimension Stone
C629/C629M-10
Standard Specification for Slate Dimension Stone
C1526-08
Standard Specification for Serpentine Dimension Stone
C1527/C1527M-11
Standard Specification for Travertine Dimension Stone
Guides
C119-11
Standard Terminology Relating to Dimension Stone
C1242-12ae1
Standard Guide for Selection, Design, and Installation of Dimension Stone Attachment Systems
C1496-11
Standard Guide for Assessment and Maintenance of Exterior Dimension Stone Masonry Walls and Facades
C1515-11
Standard Guide for Cleaning of Exterior Dimension Stone, Vertical And Horizontal Surfaces, New or Existing
C1528-12b
Standard Guide for Selection of Dimension Stone
C1722-11
Standard Guide for Repair and Restoration of Dimension Stone
British Standards
BS 5385-1:1995
Wall and floor tiling. Code of practice for the design and installation of internal ceramic and natural stone wall tiling and mosaics in normal conditions
BS 5385-5:1994
Wall and floor tiling. Code of practice for the design and installation of terrazzo tile and slab, natural stone and composition block floorings
BS 5642-1:1978
Sills and copings. Specification for window sills of precast concrete, cast stone, clayware, slate and natural stone
BS 5642-2:1983
Sills and copings. Specification for copings of precast concrete, cast stone, clayware, slate and natural stone
BS 7533-4:1998
Pavements constructed with clay, natural stone or concrete pavers. Code of practice for the construction of pavements of precast concrete flags or natural stone slabs
BS 7533-6:1999
Pavements constructed with clay, natural stone or concrete pavers. Code of practice for laying natural stone, precast concrete and clay kerb units
BS 7533-7:2002
Pavements constructed with clay, natural stone or concrete pavers. Code of practice for the construction of pavements of natural stone setts and cobbles
BS 8000-11.2:1990
Workmanship on building sites. Code of practice for wall and floor tiling. Natural stone tiles
BS 8221-1:2000
Code of practice for cleaning and surface repair of buildings. Cleaning of natural stones, brick, terracotta and concrete
BS 8221-2:2000
Code of practice for cleaning and surface repair of buildings. Surface repair of natural stones, brick and terracotta
BS 8298:1994
Code of practice for design and installation of natural stone cladding and lining European Standards for Natural Stones
BS EN 12370:1999
Natural stone test methods. Determination of resistance to salt crystallization
BS EN 12371:2001
Natural stone test methods. Determination of frost resistance
BS EN 12372:1999
Natural stone test methods. Determination of flexural strength under concentrated load
BS EN 12407:2000
Natural stone test methods. Petrographic examination
BS EN 13161:2001
Natural stone test methods. Determination of flexural strength under constant moment
BS EN 13364:2002
Natural stone test methods. Determination of the breaking load at dowel hole
BS EN 13755:2002
Natural stone test methods. Determination of water absorption at atmospheric pressure
BS EN 13919:2002
Natural stone test methods. Determination of resistance to ageing by SO2 action in the presence of humidity
BS EN 1925:1999
Natural stone test methods. Determination of water absorption coefficient by capillarity
BS EN 1926:1999
Natural stone test methods. Determination of compressive strength
BS EN 1936:1999
Natural stone test methods. Determination of real density and apparent density and of total and open porosity
BS EN 12440:2001
Natural stone. Denomination criteria
BS EN 12670:2002
Natural stone. Terminology
BS EN 1341:2001
Slabs of natural stone for external paving. Requirements and test methods
BS EN 1342:2001
Setts of natural stone for external paving. Requirements and test methods
BS EN 1343:2001
Kerbs of natural stone for external paving. Requirements and test methods
BS EN 771-6:2001
Specification for masonry units. Natural stone masonry units
BS EN 772-11:2000
Methods of test for masonry units. Determination of water absorption of aggregate concrete, manufactured stone and natural stone masonry units due to capillary action and the initial rate of water absorption of clay masonry units
BS EN 772-20:2000
Methods of test for masonry units. Determination of flatness of faces of aggregate concrete, manufactured stone and natural stone masonry units
BS EN 772-4:1998
Methods of test for masonry units. Determination of real and bulk density and of total and open porosity for natural stone masonry units